astronomylabMeet the Moon
Find a planet in a missing glimmer.

Understanding exoplanet transit

Watch a planet cross a star and reveal the dip in brightness astronomers look for.

Light curve · dip depth vertically enlarged

The idea behind it

A transiting planet hides a fraction of its star’s visible disk. Larger planets block more light. The light curve plots the remaining brightness as the planet moves across the star.

The relationship to remember

Central transit depth ≈ (planet radius / star radius)²

Planet/star radius = 0.1026. Central full-overlap depth would be 1.052%; the chosen path gives a maximum 1.052% dip.

Make your own discovery

Compare Earth-sized and Jupiter-sized presets. Notice how much harder it is to detect the smaller planet.

Try the interactive lab ↗

What this model leaves out

An opaque circular planet, a uniformly bright star, and a straight path. Overlapping disk areas handle grazing transits. No limb darkening, starspots, noise, or orbital-speed effects.

Keep wondering

Check your understanding

Does every planet transit?

No. The orbit must be aligned so that the planet passes in front of the star from our viewpoint.

Can a transit reveal a planet’s mass?

A transit primarily constrains size relative to the star. Mass usually requires additional observations.

Continue with the formula reference or test yourself in space practice.