astronomylabMeet the Moon
Take an orbit for a spin.

Orbit simulator

Change the shape of an orbit and discover why planets move faster near their star.

Orbit simulatorInteractive model
Orbital plane · display tilted for readability
Orbital period1 years
Current speed40.59 km/s
Star distance0.7 AU

Your experiment

P = √(1³ / 1) = 1 years. Closest approach: 0.7 AU; farthest: 1.3 AU.

How it works

P² = a³ / M★

In astronomical units, solar masses, and Earth years, Kepler’s third law connects the size of an orbit to its period. Increasing eccentricity stretches the orbit without changing its period when the semi-major axis stays fixed.

Read the field note ↗

About this model
An isolated star and a negligible-mass planet in a fixed, two-dimensional Keplerian orbit. The diagram rescales to fit; star and planet sizes are exaggerated.

Keep wondering

Orbit simulator: common questions

Why is the star off-center?

The star sits at one focus of an elliptical orbit, not at the ellipse’s center. A circular orbit has coincident foci.

Does an eccentric orbit take longer?

Not if the semi-major axis and stellar mass stay the same. Eccentricity changes the shape and the variation in speed.

Your next discovery